According to data from the International Renewable Energy Agency (Global Data Power Intelligence Center), the worldwide PV installation has reached 1546GW in 2023, and it is expected to reach 5200GW in 2030, 14000GW in 2050. Bloomberg NEF also expects global energy storage installations to reach a cumulative capacity of 411GW / 1,194 GWh by the end of 2030, with renewable energy taking up more than 90%, of which PV will be the absolute main force.

As installed capacity continues to scale up, photovoltaic and energy storage systems have undergone continuous technological innovation.

At the same time, digitalization technology acting on third-generation semiconductors has dramatically increased the power density of power electronic converters and significantly reduced energy losses during conversion.

Programmable power supply is the core equipment for photovoltaic, energy storage, and electrical performance testing. To keep pace with the test requirements for high frequency, high waveform quality, and high voltage , programmable power supplies are bound to take the lead in making the corresponding adaptation.

Kewell’s programmable power supply, as a supporting product line for the photovoltaic and energy storage industry,  is developed based on a thorough understanding of relevant standards and specifications for the Devices Under Test (DUTs). Kewell has studied the development trends of the photovoltaic and energy storage industry and thereby launched a comprehensive set of solutions to meet the test requirements of laboratories and production lines, including the requirements for high voltage and high current on both the DC and AC sides.

AC Side Test Standards

In general, devices connected to the grid, especially new energy power generation devices, require AC power supply. (Grid simulator)

AC power supply (grid simulator) supports simulation of voltage change/frequency change/change in power quality.

Harmonics and Waveform Distortion

For the criteria for harmonic current ratio limits and Kewell capacity for harmonic current ratio limits, please refer to the tables below:

Three-Phase Voltage Unbalance

For the criteria for three-phase voltage unbalance set value and three-phase voltage unbalance mode, please refer to the table below：

Voltage Ride Through

LVRT (ZVRT)

Kewell meets the requirements of IEEE1547.1-2020, EN50549.1-2019, and NB/T32004 standards;

HVRT

Kewell meets the requirements of IEEE1547.1-2020, EN50549.1-2019, and NB/T32004 standards.

V2G & V2X Test

Kewell supports V2G&V2X test.

RLC Load Function (V2L)

DC Side Test Standards

PV Simulator

Kewell’s products meet the specific requirements of EN50530, SAS, Sandia, NB/T32004, CGC/GF004, and CGC/GF035 standards.

To maximize the efficiency of PV array, the solar inverter needs to be operating at the maximum power point as much as possible.

This gives birth to the metric of MPPT Efficiency.

Battery Simulator

Requirements for battery simulation device are listed below:

Kewell Solutions

Kewell PV & energy storage system test solutions cover String Inverter Testing, Central Inverter Testing, Photovoltaic & Storage Converter Testing and PCS Testing.

Reference Standards

–PV Inverter–

IEEE 1547.1-2020 IEEE Standard Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting Distributed Energy Resources with Electric Power Systems and Associated Interfaces

VDE-AR-N 4105 Generators connected to the low-voltage distribution network–Technical requirements for the connection to and parallel operation with low-voltage distribution networks

EN50549-1-2019 Requirements for generating plants to be connected in parallel with distribution networks – Part 1: Connection to a LV distribution network – Generating plants up to and including Type B

EN50530 Overall efficiency of grid connected photovoltaic inverters

IEC 62109 Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems – Part 1: Sandia PV Array Performance Model

GB/T 37408-2019 Technical requirements for photovoltaic grid-connected inverter

NB/T 32004-2018 Technical specification of PV grid-connected inverter

NB/T 32005-2013 Testing code for low voltage ride through of photovoltaic power station

NB/T 42142-2018 Technical specification of photovoltaic grid-connected micro inverter

CGC/GF004 Technical Specification of Grid-connected PV inverter

CGC/GF035 Technical specification for China efficiency of grid connected PV inverters

–PCS–

GB/T 34133-2023 Testing code for power conversion system of energy storage system

GB/T 34120-2023 Technical requirements for power conversion system of electrochemical energy storage system

GB/T 36558-2023 General technical requirements for electrochemical energy storage system of power system

GB/T 12326Power quality-Voltage fluctuation and flicker

GB/T 14549Quality of electric energy supply – Harmonics in public supply network

GB/T 15543 Power quality – Three-phase voltage unbalance

GB/T 41240-2022Test of household hybrid photovoltaic and storage converter